> For the complete documentation index, see [llms.txt](https://www.designreference.xyz/llms.txt). Markdown versions of documentation pages are available by appending `.md` to page URLs; this page is available as [Markdown](https://www.designreference.xyz/cognitive-tools/ux-laws-principles/concepts-and-models.md).

# Concepts & Models

- [Choice Overload](https://www.designreference.xyz/cognitive-tools/ux-laws-principles/concepts-and-models/choice-overload.md): The psychological state of being overwhelmed when presented with too many options.
- [Chunking](https://www.designreference.xyz/cognitive-tools/ux-laws-principles/concepts-and-models/chunking.md): The process of grouping related information to aid working memory and reduce cognitive load.
- [Cognitive Bias](https://www.designreference.xyz/cognitive-tools/ux-laws-principles/concepts-and-models/cognitive-bias.md): A systematic pattern of deviation from norm or rationality in judgment.
- [The Sunk Cost Fallacy](https://www.designreference.xyz/cognitive-tools/ux-laws-principles/concepts-and-models/cognitive-bias/the-sunk-cost-fallacy.md)
- [Anchoring Bias](https://www.designreference.xyz/cognitive-tools/ux-laws-principles/concepts-and-models/cognitive-bias/anchoring-principle.md): People tend to focus on a single, initial piece of information, which influences how they estimate value and make subsequent decisions.
- [Authority Bias](https://www.designreference.xyz/cognitive-tools/ux-laws-principles/concepts-and-models/cognitive-bias/authority-principle.md): People are more likely to be persuaded by perceived experts or credible sources.
- [Cognitive Load](https://www.designreference.xyz/cognitive-tools/ux-laws-principles/concepts-and-models/cognitive-load.md): The amount of mental effort required to use a system or understand information.
- [Flow](https://www.designreference.xyz/cognitive-tools/ux-laws-principles/concepts-and-models/flow.md): A mental state of energised focus and enjoyment during an activity.
- [Mental Model](https://www.designreference.xyz/cognitive-tools/ux-laws-principles/concepts-and-models/mental-model.md): A user's internal, compressed idea of how a system or product works.
- [Selective Attention](https://www.designreference.xyz/cognitive-tools/ux-laws-principles/concepts-and-models/selective-attention.md): The brain's ability to focus on one piece of information while filtering out others.
- [Working Memory](https://www.designreference.xyz/cognitive-tools/ux-laws-principles/concepts-and-models/working-memory.md): The cognitive system that temporarily holds and manipulates information needed for a task.


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